Document 0548
 DOCN  M9480548
 TI    In utero diagnosis of congenital infections by direct fetal sampling.
 DT    9410
 AU    Valente P; Sever JL; Laboratory of Central Nervous System Studies,
       NINDS, NIH,; Bethesda, MD 20892.
 SO    Isr J Med Sci. 1994 May-Jun;30(5-6):414-20. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
       MED/94307927
 AB    Counseling for infections during pregnancy has traditionally focused on
       the clinical and laboratory findings of infection in the mother and the
       estimated risk of fetal damage associated with possible transmission of
       infection to the child. Now, with the use of techniques for fetal
       sampling, it is possible to diagnose infections of the fetus in utero
       and to correlate that information with the occurrence of fetal damage.
       The techniques that are available for sampling include amniocentesis,
       cordocentesis and chorionic villus sampling. The laboratory tests
       include: a) isolation of the organism in appropriate laboratory systems;
       b) detection of the DNA or RNA of the organism directly or with
       amplification with techniques such as PCR; c) detection of the organism
       by fluorescence or in situ hybridization; and d) identification of IgM
       or IgA fetal antibody to the organism by ELISA or similar methods. In
       utero infections can be documented for agents such as rubella,
       cytomegalovirus, parvovirus, Toxoplasma gondii and human
       immunodeficiency virus type 1. Further information is needed concerning
       the sensitivities and specificities of these methods for identifying
       fetal infection and predicting fetal damage.
 DE    Amniocentesis/METHODS  Animal  Chorionic Villi Sampling/METHODS
       Cordocentesis/METHODS  Cytomegalovirus Infections/CONGENITAL/DIAGNOSIS
       Female  Fetal Diseases/*DIAGNOSIS  Human  HIV
       Infections/CONGENITAL/DIAGNOSIS  HIV-1  Parvoviridae
       Infections/CONGENITAL/DIAGNOSIS  Pregnancy  *Pregnancy Complications,
       Infectious  Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/DIAGNOSIS  Prenatal
       Diagnosis/*METHODS  Rubella/CONGENITAL/DIAGNOSIS  Toxoplasmosis,
       Congenital/DIAGNOSIS  JOURNAL ARTICLE  REVIEW  REVIEW, ACADEMIC

       SOURCE: National Library of Medicine.  NOTICE: This material may be
       protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).